Heteropoda venatoria (Linnaeus, 1767)

Taxonomy

Type Depositories

1. Holotype

   Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart (SMNS), Germany; type material of Heteropoda venatoria chinesica Strand, 1907 destroyed 1944 (Renner, 1988b)

2. Holotype

   Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main (SMF), Germany (data base search of type material, 11.01.2019); Heteropoda nicki Strand, 1915, 1 ♀ (4581-133)

3. Holotype

   Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main (SMF), Germany (data base search of type material, 11.01.2019); Heteropoda nicki quala Strand, 1915, 1 ♀ (4582-133)

4. Holotype

   Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (ZMB), Germany (database export of type material, March 2019); Sarotes peditatus Karsch, 1881, (3566)

5. Holotype

   ; Aranea regia Fabricius, 1793 - type material probably lost or destroyed (Zimsen, 1964)

6. Holotype

   ; Aranea pallens Fabricius, 1798 - type material probably lost or destroyed (Zimsen, 1964)

7. Holotype

   British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)/Natural History Museum (NHMUK), London, UK; Aranea venatoria Linnaeus, 1767, (not found);

8. Holotype

   College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University (HNU), Changsha, China; Heteropoda shimen Yin et al., 2000; ♂

9. Holotype

   Department of Zoology of the National Museum of Nature and Science (NSMT-Ar), Tokyo, Japan; Heteropoda tokarensis Yaginuma, 1961; ♂

10. Holotype

    Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (NHMW), Wien/Vienna, Austria; Sarotes aulicus L. Koch, 1878; Juvenile

11. Holotype

    Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (NHMW), Wien/Vienna, Austria; Sarotes invictus L. Koch, 1878; 1♀

12. Holotype

    Plant Protection Station of Ganzhou Prefecture (PPSG), Jiangxi, China; ♂ (Jäger, 2014b)

13. Holotype

    Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart (SMNS), Germany; Heteropoda venatoria maculipes Strand, 1907, (type material destroyed 1944); ♂

14. Holotype

    Western Regional Station, Zoological Survey of India (WRSP, WRC-ZSI), Poona/Pune, India; Heteropoda andamanensis Tikader, 1977; ♀

15. Holotype

    Western Regional Station, Zoological Survey of India (WRSP, WRC-ZSI), Poona/Pune, India; Heteropoda nicobarensis Tikader, 1977; ♀

16. Holotype

    Natural History Museum of Denmark (NHMD), Copenhagen = Zoological Museum of Natural History, University of Copenhagen (ZMUC), Denmark; Helicopis maderiana Thorell, 1875, (253); ♀

17. Holotype

    Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM), Munich, Germany; Ocypete thoracica C. L. Koch, 1845, (lost); ♂

18. Lectotype

    British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)/Natural History Museum (NHMUK), London, UK; Palystes ledleyi Hogg, 1922, (1924.III.1.485-490); ♂

19. Lectotype

    Muséum national d'histoire naturelle (MNHN), Paris, France; Olios freycineti Walckenaer, 1837; ♀

20. Paratype(s)

    Department of Zoology of the National Museum of Nature and Science (NSMT-Ar), Tokyo, Japan; Heteropoda tokarensis Yaginuma, 1961; 2♂, 3♀, 1 Juvenile

21. Paratype(s)

    Western Regional Station, Zoological Survey of India (WRSP, WRC-ZSI), Poona/Pune, India; Heteropoda andamanensis Tikader, 1977; 1♂

22. Syntype(s)

    Zoological Museum of the Martin-Luther-University, Halle (Saale) (ZMUH), Germany (search of type material, 24.05.2019); 1♂ 1♀ (1553) of Ocypete bruneiceps [N.B.: in the orginal description are mentioned 6♀ and no ♂]

23. Syntype(s)

    British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)/Natural History Museum (NHMUK), London, UK; Heteropoda venatoria pluridentata Hogg, 1914, (1921.3.24.111-112); 2♀

24. Syntype(s)

    Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart (SMNS), Germany; Heteropoda venatoria japonica Strand, 1907, (type material destroyed 1944); ♂

25. Paralectotype(s)

    British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)/Natural History Museum (NHMUK), London, UK; Palystes ledleyi Hogg, 1922, (1924.III.1.485-490, 1924.III.1.791-794, 1924.111.1.495, 1924.111.1.496); 7♀, 3 Juvenile

26. Paralectotype(s)

    Muséum national d'histoire naturelle (MNHN), Paris, France; Olios freycineti Walckenaer, 1837, (not found); ♀

Taxonomic references

1. Aranea venatoria (Original description )

   Linnaeus, 1767 Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio duodecima, reformata: 1035

2. Aranea venatoria (Original description )

   Fabricius, 1775 Systema entomologiae, sistens insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis, synonymis, locis descriptionibus observationibus: 439 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.36510

3. Aranea venatoria (Original description )

   Olivier, 1789 Araignée, Aranea: 230 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.82248

4. Aranea regia (Original description )

   Fabricius, 1793 Entomologiae systematica emendata et aucta, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Tom: 408 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.122153

5. Aranea pallens (Original description )

   Fabricius, 1798 Supplementum entomologiae systematicae: 291 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.122153

6. Heteropoda venatoria (Original description )

   Latreille, 1804b Tableau methodique des Insectes: 135

7. Thomisus leucosius (Original description )

   Walckenaer, 1805 Tableau des aranéides ou caractères essentiels des tribus, genres, familles et races que renferme le genre Aranea de Linné, avec la désignation des espèces comprises dans chacune de ces divisions: 36, pl. 4, f. 33

8. Thomisus venatorius (Original description )

   Latreille, 1806 Genera crustaceorum et insectorum: 114

9. Micrommata setulosa (Original description ♂)

   Perty, 1833 Arachnides Brasilienses: 195, pl. 38, f. 13

10. Ocypete setulosa (Original description ♂)

    C. L. Koch, 1836a Die Arachniden. Dritter Band: 40, f. 195 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.43744

11. Olios colombianus (Original description ♀)

    Walckenaer, 1837 Histoire naturelle des insectes. Aptères. Tome premier: 571 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.61095

12. Ocypete pallens (Original description ♂)

    C. L. Koch, 1837a Die Arachniden: 82, f. 304 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.43744

13. Ocypete setulosa

    C. L. Koch, 1837b Übersicht des Arachnidensystems. Heft 1: 28, pl doi:10.5962/bhl.title.39561

14. Olios setulosus

    Walckenaer, 1841 Histoire naturelle des Insects. Aptères. Tome deuxième: 474 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.61095

15. Ocypete draco (Original description ♀)

    C. L. Koch, 1845 Die Arachniden: 44, f. 983 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.43744

16. Olios albifrons (Original description ♀)

    Lucas, 1852 Description de l'Olios albifrons: 76

17. Olios javensis (Original description ♀)

    Doleschall, 1857 Bijdrage tot de kennis der Arachniden van den Indischen Archipel: 428 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.66068

18. Olios gabonensis (Original description ♂♀)

    Lucas, 1858 Aptères: 407 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.11206

19. Olios lunula (♂, misidentified)

    Doleschall, 1859 Tweede Bijdrage tot de kennis der Arachniden van den Indischen Archipel: 54, pl. 6, f. 5, pl. 7, f. 5, pl. 9, f. 12

20. Ocypete pallens (Original description ♀)

    Giebel, 1863 Drei und zwanzig neue und einige bekannte Spinnen der Hallischen Sammlung: 317

21. Olios leucosius (♀)

    Vinson, 1863 Aranéides des îles de La Réunion, Maurice et Madagascar: 98, 304, pl. 2, f. 3 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.125517

22. Sparassus ammanita (Original description ♀)

    Dufour, 1863b Sur une nouvelle espèce d'aranéide du genre Sparassus (sp: 9, pl. 1, f. 3

23. Olios regius (Original description ♂♀)

    Gerstaecker, 1873 Arachnoidea: 482 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.10149

24. Sarotes regius (♂♀)

    L. Koch, 1875a Die Arachniden Australiens, nach der Natur beschrieben und abgebildet [Erster Theil, Lieferung 12-16]: 675, pl. 56, f. 1-2 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.121660

25. Helicopis maderiana (Original description ♀)

    Thorell, 1875c Descriptions of several European and North African spiders: 123

26. Heteropoda venatoria (Synonym of Ocypete bruneiceps)

    Thorell, 1878b Studi sui ragni Malesi e Papuani: 191

27. Sarotes venatorius (Original description ♂♀)

    McCook, 1878b Note on the probable geographical distribution of a spider by the trade winds: 144, f. 2, 2C, E

28. Sarotes invictus (Original description ♀)

    L. Koch, 1878c Japanesische Arachniden und Myriapoden: 767, pl. 16, f. 32

29. Heteropoda invicta

    Simon, 1880a Révision de la famille des Sparassidae (Arachnides): 270

30. Sarotes peditatus (Original description ♀)

    Karsch, 1881c Diagnoses Arachnoidarum Japoniae: 38

31. Olios maderianus

    Simon, 1883 Études arachnologiques: 281, 309

32. Heteropoda ferina (Original description ♂)

    Simon, 1887i Etude sur les arachnides de l'Asie méridionale faisant partie des collections de l'Indian Museum (Calcutta): 102

33. Heteropoda thoracica (♀)

    Thorell, 1892a Studi sui ragni Malesi e Papuani: 24

34. Heteropoda regia

    Simon, 1897a Histoire naturelle des araignées. Deuxième édition, tome second: 54, f doi:10.5962/bhl.title.51973

35. Heteropoda venatoria (♂)

    Pocock, 1897c Spinnen (Araneae): 613, pl. 25, f. 18

36. Heteropoda ocellata (Original description ♂)

    Pocock, 1903b On some genera and species of South-American Aviculariidae: 96 doi:10.1080/00222930308678729

37. Heteropoda invicta (♀, D♂)

    Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 Japanische Spinnen: 275, pl. 15, f. 437, pl. 16, f. 448

38. Heteropoda venatoria maculipes (Original description ♂)

    Strand, 1907b Vorläufige Diagnosen süd- und ostasiatischer Clubioniden, Ageleniden, Pisauriden, Lycosiden, Oxyopiden und Salticiden: 559

39. Heteropoda venatoria aulica

    Strand, 1909f Süd- und ostasiatische Spinnen: 6

40. Heteropoda venatoria thoracica

    Merian, 1911 Die Spinnenfauna von Celebes: 255

41. Heteropoda venatoria (♀)

    Järvi, 1912 Das Vaginalsystem der Sparassiden: 77, f. 61, pl. 8, f. 3-6

42. Heteropoda venatoria

    Järvi, 1914 Das Vaginalsystem der Sparassiden: 197

43. Heteropoda venatoria pluridentata (Original description ♀)

    Hogg, 1914a Spiders collected by the Wollaston and British Ornithological Union Expeditions in Dutch New Guinea: 57

44. Heteropoda nicki quala (Original description ♀)

    Strand, 1915d Indoaustralische, papuanische und polynesische Spinnen des Senckenbergischen Museums, gesammelt von Dr E: 247

45. Palystes ledleyi (Original description ♀)

    Hogg, 1922 Some spiders from south Annam: 296, f. 6 doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1922.tb02142.x

46. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Petrunkevitch, 1930b The spiders of Porto Rico: 14, f. 8-11

47. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Gravely, 1931 Some Indian spiders of the families Ctenidae, Sparassidae, Selenopidae and Clubionidae: 251, f. 9C, 10D

48. Heteropoda regia (♂♀)

    Berland, 1932b Les Arachnides (Scorpions, Araignées, etc: 389, f. 558-560

49. Heteropoda venatoria (♂)

    Nakatsudi, 1942a Arachnida from Izu-Sitito: 320, f. 41

50. Heteropoda venatoria (♀)

    Sekiguchi, 1943 [Life history of Heteropoda venatoria Linnaeus]: 68, f. 1, 3-4 doi:10.2476/asjaa.8.66

51. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Nakatsudi, 1943a Some Arachnida from Micronesia: 175, f. 22a-b

52. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Bücherl, 1959 Fauna aracnológica e alguns aspectos ecológicos da ilha de Trindade: 289, f. 1-13

53. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Yaginuma, 1960 Spiders of Japan in colour: 118, f. 98.1, 3

54. Heteropoda tokarensis (Original description ♂♀)

    Yaginuma, 1961a Spiders from the Tokara islands: 84, f. G-L

55. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Chrysanthus, 1965a Spiders from south New Guinea VII: 356, f. 29-33, 73

56. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Yaginuma, 1971 Spiders of Japan in colour (enlarged and revised edition): 118, f. 98.1, 3

57. Heteropoda nicobarensis (Original description ♀)

    Tikader, 1977a Studies on spider fauna of Andaman and Nicobar islands, Indian Ocean: 191, f. 17A-D

58. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Paik, 1978e Araneae: 398, f. 179.1-3

59. Heteropoda venatoria (♂)

    Yin, Wang & Hu, 1983 Essential types and the evolution of palpal organ of spiders: 34, f. 5H

60. Heteropoda venatoria (♀)

    Hu, 1984 The Chinese spiders collected from the fields and the forests: 311, f. 328

61. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Yaginuma, 1986a Spiders of Japan in color (new ed: 199, f. 111.1

62. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Sethi & Tikader, 1988 Studies on some giant crab spiders of the family Heteropodidae from India: 16, f. 52-57

63. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Hancock & Hancock, 1988 Labidognatha (true spiders) family file: 18, f. 1-8

64. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Chikuni, 1989b Pictorial encyclopedia of spiders in Japan: 130, f. 1

65. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Feng, 1990 Spiders of China in colour: 175, f. 150.1-5

66. Heteropoda venatoria (♀)

    Chen & Gao, 1990 The Sichuan farmland spiders in China: 158, f. 202

67. Heteropoda squamacea (♀; misidentified per Liu, Li & Jäger, 2008b: 65)

    Wang, 1990c Six new species of the spiders of the genus Heteropoda from China (Araneae: Heteropodidae): 8, f. 6-8

68. Heteropoda hainanensis (Original description ♂)

    Li, 1991 Two new species of spiders of the genus Heteropoda from China (Araneae: Heteropodidae): 366, f. 1-4

69. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Chen & Zhang, 1991 Fauna of Zhejiang: Araneida: 262, f. 275.1-2

70. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Davies, 1994 The huntsman spiders Heteropoda Latreille and Yiinthi gen: 83, f. 2A, E, 4A-B, 5A-B

71. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Barrion & Litsinger, 1994 Taxonomy of rice insect pests and their arthropod parasites and predators: 290, f. 1452-1454

72. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Ledoux & Hallé, 1995 Araignées de l'île Rapa (îles Australes, Polynésie): 8, f. 7A-F

73. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 Riceland spiders of South and Southeast Asia: 276, f. 161a-f, 162a-f, 163a-f. 164a-d

74. Heteropoda ledleyi (Transferred from Palystes)

    Croeser, 1996 A revision of the African huntsman spider genus Palystes L: 114

75. Heteropoda minschana (♀, misidentified)

    Peng, Yin & Kim, 1996a One species of the genus Heteropoda and a description of the female Heteropoda minshana Schenkel, 1936 (Araneae: Heteropodidae): 57, f. 1-4

76. Sinopoda pengi (♀, misidentified)

    Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999 The spiders of China: 469, f. 270G-H

77. Heteropoda venatoria (♂)

    Jäger, 1999b Sinopoda, a new genus of Heteropodinae (Araneae, Sparassidae) from Asia: 21, f. 9-11

78. Heteropoda venatoria (♂ only, not ♀)

    Jäger & Ono, 2000 Sparassidae of Japan: 47, f. 18-19, 22-24 doi:10.2476/asjaa.49.41

79. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Jäger, 2000a Selten nachgewiesene Spinnenarten aus Deutschland (Arachnida: Araneae): 53, f. 1-7 doi:10.5431/aramit1907

80. Heteropoda shimen (Original description ♂)

    Yin et al., 2000b Two new species of the family Heteropodidae from China (Arachnoidea: Araneae): 98, f. 4-6

81. Heteropoda venatoria (♀; probably a misidentified Pseudopoda, per Jäger & Yin, 2001: 127)

    Hu, 2001 Spiders in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China: 312, f. 184.1-2

82. Heteropoda venatoria (Synonym of Heteropoda shimen)

    Jäger & Yin, 2001 Sparassidae in China: 125 doi:10.2476/asjaa.50.123

83. Heteropoda venatoria (♂)

    Jäger, 2001b Diversität der Riesenkrabbenspinnen im Himalaya -- die Radiation zweier Gattungen in den Schneetropen (Araneae, Sparassidae, Heteropodinae): 19, f. 12g, 14a, 22l-m

84. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Namkung, 2002 The spiders of Korea: 499, f. 40.3a-b

85. Sinopoda venatoria (♂, lapsus)

    Yoo & Kim, 2002a Studies on basic pattern and evolution of male palpal organ (Arachnida: Araneae): 27, f. 41

86. Heteropoda venatoria (Synonym of Heteropoda ledleyi, H. venatoria pluridentata, Olios albifrons, O. freycineti and O. maderianus)

    Jäger, 2002b Heteropodinae: transfers and synonymies (Arachnida: Araneae: Sparassidae): 51 doi:10.2476/asjaa.51.33

87. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Namkung, 2003 The Spiders of Korea, 2nd: 502, f. 40.3a-b

88. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Jäger & Kunz, 2005 An illustrated key to genera of African huntsman spiders (Arachnida, Araneae, Sparassidae): 166, f. 48-53

89. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀; misidentified per Jäger, 2014b: 148)

    Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2005 Huntsman spiders of Bangladesh: genus Heteropoda Latreille and Olios Walckenaer (Araneae: Sparassidae): 104, f. 1-7

90. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀, Synonym of Heteropoda invicta)

    Ono, 2009a The spiders of Japan with keys to the families and genera and illustrations of the species: 472, f. 16-19

91. Heteropoda venatoria (♀)

    Marusik & Kuzminykh, 2010 On two spider genera new to Russia (Aranei: Corinnidae, Sparassidae): 99, f. 6-10 doi:10.15298/arthsel.19.2.07

92. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Saaristo, 2010 Araneae: 218, f. 32.9-10

93. Heteropoda venatoria (♀)

    Taucare-Ríos & Brescovit, 2011 La araña cangrejo gigante Heteropoda venatoria (Linnaeus, 1767) (Araneae:Sparassidae:Heteropodinae) en Chile: 39, f. 1-5

94. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Yin et al., 2012 Fauna Hunan: Araneae in Hunan, China: 1231, f. 659a-g, 3-13d-e

95. Heteropoda venatoria (♂)

    Ramírez, 2014 The morphology and phylogeny of dionychan spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae): 226, f. 154E doi:10.1206/821.1

96. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀, Synonym of Heteropoda andamanensis, H. aulica, H. hainanensis, H. nicki, H. n. quala, H. nicobarensis, H. thoracica, H. tokarensis, H. truncus, H. venatoria chinesica, <)

    Jäger, 2014b Heteropoda Latreille, 1804: new species, synonymies, transfers and records (Araneae: Sparassidae: Heteropodinae): 147, f. 1-25 doi:10.15298/arthsel.23.2.06

97. Heteropoda venatoria (♀)

    Sen et al., 2015 Spiders (Araneae: Arachnida) of reserve forests of Dooars: Gorumara National Park, Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary and Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary: 57, f. 289-293, pl. 16

98. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

    Baba & Tanikawa, 2015 The handbook of spiders: 86, 5 f.

99. Heteropoda venatoria (♂)

    Dhali, Saha & Raychaudhuri, 2017 Litter and ground dwelling spiders (Araneae: Arachnida) of reserve forests of Dooars, West Bengal: 45, f. 140-145, pl. 19

100. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

     Zhang & Wang, 2017 Chinese spiders illustrated: 692, 5 f.

101. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

     Tyagi et al., 2019 Identification of Indian spiders through DNA barcoding: cryptic species and species complex: Supplement, f. S2.63, S3.7-10 doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50510-8

102. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

     Baert et al., 2023 Updated checklist, origin, distribution, literature and genital drawings of the spiders of the Galápagos Islands: 28, f. 101A-C

103. Heteropoda venatoria (♀)

     Serita & Suzuki, 2023 A list of the spiders collected from Minami-Daitou Island Okinawa Pref: 32, f. 1

104. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

     Korai & Wang, 2023a Six Heteropoda spiders (Araneae: Sparassidae) from Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, China: 44, f. 9A-E, 10A-D, 12E doi:10.33804/pp.007.01.4452

105. Heteropoda venatoria (♂)

     Alcántar-Valenzuela et al., 2024 Current knowledge of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Sinaloa, Mexico: species checklist and new records, including the first record of Plexippus petersi Karsch, 1878 for America: 17, f. 45-47 doi:10.21829/azm.2024.4012671

106. Heteropoda venatoria (♂♀)

     Sherwood, 2025b Annotated checklist of imported non-native spider (Araneae) taxa recorded in the United Kingdom 1800–2024: 142, f. 14E-H doi:10.15298/arthsel.34.1.10